C&F Financial Corporation is a bank holding company that provides a range of financial services through its subsidiaries. The company operates primarily as a community bank, offering banking, wealth management, insurance, and title services, while also conducting mortgage banking and consumer finance activities. Its operations are centered in Virginia, serving retail and commercial customers across the state.

The company generates revenue primarily from interest income on loans and investments, fees on deposit accounts and debit card transactions, gains from the sale of mortgage loans, and income from wealth management, insurance, and title services. Additionally, consumer finance contributes revenue through interest earned on automobile, marine, and recreational vehicle loans.

The company operates through the following segments: community banking, mortgage banking, and consumer finance.

• Community banking: This segment provides traditional banking services including checking and savings accounts, commercial and consumer loans, mortgages, home equity loans, and installment loans through C&F Bank and its branches. It also offers wealth management via C&F Wealth Management, insurance products through C&F Insurance, and title and settlement services through CVB Title. Revenue is derived from loan interest, deposit fees, debit card interchange, and income from wealth management, insurance, and title activities.

• Mortgage banking: This segment originates residential mortgage loans through C&F Mortgage Corporation and its subsidiary C&F Select LLC, focusing on conventional, FHA, USDA, and VA loans for sale in the secondary market. Revenue comes from gains on loan sales, origination fees, interest on loans held for sale, and service income from its Lender Solutions division.

• Consumer finance: This segment provides automobile, marine, and recreational vehicle financing through C&F Finance Company, primarily as an indirect lender purchasing retail installment contracts from dealerships. Revenue is generated mainly from interest income on these loans, with a focus on both prime and non prime borrowers.

C&F Financial Corporation competes with large national and regional banks, credit unions, and non bank financial technology firms in its core markets. Its competitive advantages stem from a focus on customer service, long term relationships, and a blend of traditional and digital offerings. In mortgage banking, it faces competition from national lenders and online platforms but differentiates through specialized loan products and strong dealer relationships. In consumer finance, it operates in a fragmented auto finance market, competing on service quality and flexible terms despite higher funding costs compared to captive finance arms.

The company serves individuals, small to medium sized businesses, commercial and residential real estate investors, and automobile buyers across Virginia and surrounding states. Its customer base includes retail depositors, borrowers seeking mortgages or auto loans, and clients seeking wealth management, insurance, and title services.