Yueda Digital Holding is a Web3 and digital economy company focused on cryptocurrency mining and digital asset treasury management. The company conducts self mining operations using third party hosted ASIC miners to produce Bitcoin which is sold for revenue. It also pursues compliant risk managed yield opportunities such as staking, and on chain liquidity provision where permitted. In addition the company explores selective investments in Web3 infrastructure and applications, and offers advisory services for enterprises entering the digital asset economy. Following the disposition of its legacy advertising business in September 2025 Yueda Digital Holding concentrates its resources on the growth of its digital assets business. The company prioritizes energy efficient mining equipment to reduce environmental impact while maintaining competitive hash rates.

Revenue is generated primarily from the mining and sale of Bitcoin produced by the company's fleet of ASIC miners. The mining fleet is hosted by third party data centers under agreements that charge a fee per kilowatt hour of electricity consumed plus a maintenance fee. In the year ended December 31 2025 the mining business generated approximately $28.2 million in revenue. Prior years contributed $2.6 million in 2021 and $0.2 million in 2022 with no mining revenue in 2023. The company expects future revenue from treasury management of digital assets, from staking rewards, from on chain liquidity provision, and from advisory fees for Web3 projects. Advisory services are expected to generate fees based on project scope and duration as the company assists clients with blockchain integration and digital asset strategy. Staking rewards are anticipated to provide additional income as the company allocates a portion of its digital asset holdings to proof of stake networks.

The company operates through the following segments.

• Self-Mining Business: This segment engages in third party hosted cryptocurrency mining operations using ASIC miners to generate Bitcoin which is sold for revenue. The mining rigs include models such as Bitcoin Miner T21, and Antminer S21+ hosted in Kazakhstan under a long term hosting agreement with BTC KZ. The segment also manages electricity costs through a fixed fee per kilowatt hour, and seeks to upgrade to more energy efficient machines as technology evolves.

• Legacy Business: This segment previously provided advertising time slots on airplane digital screens, and media content display for airline travelers and corporate clients. The legacy business was disposed of in September 2025 for nominal cash consideration of one US dollar to allow the company to focus exclusively on its digital assets business.

Within the competitive cryptocurrency mining industry Yueda Digital Holding positions itself as a compliance first security by design operator. It competes with large scale miners such as Marathon Digital, Riot Platforms, Core Scientific, Hut 8, and Bitfarms. The company's advantages include access to low cost electricity through its hosting agreement with BTC KZ in Kazakhstan, a modern fleet of energy efficient ASIC miners, and a strategic focus on Bitcoin treasury accumulation. Additionally Yueda Digital Holding emphasizes regulatory compliance, and strong security practices to mitigate risks associated with evolving crypto regulations. These factors enable the company to maintain stable operations while pursuing long term value accumulation in the digital asset space. Yueda Digital Holding continues to expand its mining capacity through additional rig purchases and renewal of hosting agreements to capture upside from rising Bitcoin prices. Its compliance first approach reduces regulatory risk and enhances credibility with institutional partners.

The company sells its mined Bitcoin to cryptocurrency exchanges, institutional investors, and other market participants. It also serves over the counter desks, and institutional funds seeking exposure to Bitcoin through direct asset purchases. While specific customer names are not disclosed the revenue base consists of a diverse set of participants in the global digital asset ecosystem. The company's customer base spans North America, Europe, Asia, and the Middle East reflecting the global nature of the Bitcoin market.