Sociedad Química y Minera de Chile S. A. is a Chilean company that extracts and processes mineral resources from northern Chile to produce specialty plant nutrients, iodine and its derivatives, lithium compounds, potassium chloride and sulfate, and industrial chemicals. The firm operates mines and processing plants that convert caliche ore and brine deposits into products sold to agricultural, industrial, pharmaceutical and battery markets worldwide.

The company generates revenue primarily through the sale of its six product lines: specialty plant nutrients such as potassium nitrate and sodium nitrate; iodine and iodine derivatives used in medical imaging and pharmaceuticals; lithium carbonate and lithium hydroxide for batteries and industrial applications; potassium chloride and sulfate as fertilizers; industrial chemicals including sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate for glass and explosives; and third‑party fertilizers traded globally. Sales are made to a diverse customer base across more than 100 countries, with the majority of revenue derived from overseas markets.

The company operates through the following segments: SQM Lithium Chile Division, SQM Lithium International Division, and SQM Iodine‑Plant Nutrition Division.

• SQM Lithium Chile Division: This segment extracts lithium and potassium from the Salar de Atacama brine deposits and produces lithium carbonate, lithium hydroxide and potassium chloride at facilities near Antofagasta, Chile.

• SQM Lithium International Division: This segment focuses on lithium projects outside Chile, including the joint‑venture Mt. Holland operation in Western Australia and investments in spodumene resources in Australia, Namibia and Canada.

• SQM Iodine‑Plant Nutrition Division: This segment produces iodine and its derivatives from caliche ore in northern Chile and manufactures specialty plant nutrients such as potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate and blended fertilizers for global agricultural markets.

Sociedad Química y Minera de Chile S. A. positions itself as the world’s largest producer of potassium nitrate and iodine and one of the largest producers of lithium carbonate and lithium hydroxide. Its competitive advantages stem from low‑cost extraction of high‑grade caliche ore and brine reserves, integrated production facilities and a global distribution network. In lithium, it faces competition from Albemarle, Jiangxi Ganfeng Lithium, Tianqi Lithium and Rio Tinto; in potassium nitrate from Haifa Chemicals and Kemapco; and in iodine from Japanese, U. S. and other Chilean producers.

The company serves a broad customer base that includes fertilizer distributors, agricultural producers, pharmaceutical manufacturers, battery makers and industrial users. While no single customer accounts for 10% of total revenue, specific segments have notable concentrations: two customers each represent about 10% of iodine sales, one Mexican fertilizer buyer exceeds 11% of potassium chloride sales, and two customers together account for roughly 24% of lithium revenues.