ING Groep N. V. is a leading European universal bank providing retail and wholesale banking services globally. The company operates through its main subsidiary ING Bank N. V. and offers a comprehensive suite of financial products and services including retail banking for private individuals, business banking for small to medium enterprises, private banking and wealth management for high net worth clients, and wholesale banking solutions for corporations and financial institutions. ING emphasizes digital innovation, sustainability, and customer centricity in its operations across more than 40 countries. Its purpose is to empower people to stay a step ahead in life and in business, driven by a focus on delivering superior customer value and advancing sustainable finance initiatives.

ING Groep N. V. generates revenue primarily through net interest income from lending activities such as mortgages, business loans, and consumer credit. Additional revenue streams include net fee and commission income from payment services, investment products, insurance, and advisory services. The company also earns income from financial markets trading, foreign exchange, and other treasury activities. Its revenue is diversified across retail customers including private individuals and businesses, as well as wholesale clients comprising corporations, financial institutions, and institutional investors operating in Europe, Asia Pacific, and the Americas, with a balanced geographic contribution from its home market in the Netherlands and international operations.

The company operates through the following segments: Private Individuals, Business Banking, Private Banking & Wealth Management, and Wholesale Banking. These segments are defined by customer type and service offerings rather than geographic location, allowing ING to tailor its approach to specific market needs and deliver targeted financial solutions.

• Private Individuals: This segment serves nearly 41 million private individual customers across 10 key markets including the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany, Spain, Italy, Türkiye, Poland, Romania, and Australia, offering products such as savings accounts, payments, credit cards, mortgages, unsecured lending, investment solutions, and insurance products, with a focus on digital-first experiences for Gen Z and affluent customers to build primary banking relationships through relevant and personalized financial solutions that support daily money management, savings growth, and long-term wealth accumulation.

• Business Banking: This segment serves business clients in 9 markets including the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany, Türkiye, Poland, Romania, Australia, and Italy, providing solutions through self-service digital platforms and in-person advisory for self employed customers, micro businesses, SMEs, and mid sized corporations, with digital onboarding journeys and instant and fast-track lending available in 6 markets as of 2025 to support business growth, operational efficiency, and access to working capital and investment financing.

• Private Banking & Wealth Management: This segment provides tailored banking solutions to ultra high net worth and high net worth individuals and their entities in the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, and Poland, offering investment focused wealth management services, financial planning, estate planning, real estate financing, and securities based lending, while targeting assets under management and e-brokerage of €278 billion in 2025 through a hybrid model for affluent clients combining digital tools with personalised advice and a fully digital experience for first-time investors seeking accessible wealth growth opportunities.

• Wholesale Banking: This segment provides corporate clients and financial institutions with financial solutions across value chains including transaction services for cash management, trade finance, and payments; financial markets products for risk management, funding, and investment; and capital markets advisory for tailored financing and structured solutions, operating in 37 countries across EMEA, APAC, and the Americas with a focus on sector expertise in commodities, food and agriculture, energy, financial institutions, infrastructure, sustainable value chains, technology, and transport and logistics to deliver sustainable returns, client value, and support for the energy transition.

ING Groep N. V. maintains a leading position as a European universal bank with strong market presence in the Benelux region and Germany, competing primarily with ABN AMRO Bank and Rabobank in the Netherlands while differentiating through its customer centric 'Growing the difference' strategy, sustainability leadership integrated into core operations via climate finance and social initiatives, consistent top quarter NPS rankings in key retail markets including Australia, Poland, Germany, Romania, and Spain, and recognized innovation in wholesale banking as evidenced by awards such as Global Finance's Best Bank for Payments in Western and Central & Eastern Europe and Most Innovative Bank for Trade Finance globally, reinforcing its reputation as a trusted financial partner.

ING Groep N. V. serves a diverse customer base encompassing nearly 41 million individual retail customers ranging from young adults to affluent and high net worth individuals seeking everyday banking and wealth management solutions; business clients from self employed entrepreneurs and micro enterprises to small and medium sized enterprises and mid sized corporations requiring transactional, lending, and advisory services; and institutional financial investors including corporations, financial institutions, and other entities accessing wholesale banking solutions for corporate finance, risk management, and investment activities across more than 100 markets in Europe, Asia Pacific, and the Americas.