NIO Inc. designs develops manufactures and sells smart electric vehicles. The company operates in the global smart electric vehicle market and focuses on integrating advanced technologies into its products to deliver intelligent and immersive user experiences. NIO Inc. has established three distinct brands to serve different market segments including the NIO brand for premium smart electric vehicles the ONVO brand for family oriented smart electric vehicles and the FIREFLY brand for small smart high end electric cars. The company provides a full suite of services including after sales service power solutions battery as a service and lifestyle products through its physical stores brand apps and user community initiatives. NIO Inc. emphasizes technological innovation in areas such as assisted and intelligent driving digital technologies electric powertrain and battery vehicle engineering and design capabilities. The company maintains research and development centers in Shanghai Beijing San Jose Munich Oxford and other global locations to support its innovation strategy. NIO Inc. sells its vehicles and services in China Europe Southeast Asia the Middle East and other markets with plans to expand further into global markets.

NIO Inc. generates revenue primarily through the sale of smart electric vehicles under its NIO ONVO and FIREFLY brands. The company also earns revenue from its service offerings including after sales services power solutions such as battery charging and swapping stations home chargers supercharging piles destination chargers and mobile charging services. Additional revenue streams include battery as a service subscriptions battery upgrade services auto financing arrangements used vehicle service platform technical service licensing and lifestyle products sold through its online stores within brand apps. NIO Inc. provides power solutions through its Power Cloud platform which integrates home charging battery swap stations supercharging piles destination charging piles and mobile charging services. The company offers Battery as a Service allowing users to subscribe for battery usage separately from vehicle purchase. NIO Inc. also provides assisted and intelligent driving features as a software enabled monthly subscription model for its brand users. Revenue is derived from customers who purchase vehicles and subscribe to these value added services through the companys sales service power network and apps.

NIO Inc. operates through the following segments: NIO brand ONVO brand FIREFLY brand

• The NIO brand segment focuses on premium smart electric vehicles. This segment includes models such as the EP9 supercar ES9 flagship executive SUV ES8 flagship premium SUV ES7 smart electric mid large SUV ES6 smart electric all round SUV EC7 smart electric flagship coupe SUV EC6 smart electric coupe SUV ET9 smart electric executive flagship ET7 smart electric flagship sedan ET5 smart electric mid size sedan and ET5T smart electric tourer. The NIO brand integrates full stack technological capabilities across 12 areas including assisted and intelligent driving digital technologies battery swapping electric powertrain and battery vehicle engineering and design. Vehicles under this brand are designed to offer flagship experiences in design space comfort audio intelligent systems assisted and intelligent driving safety powertrain and overall driving and riding performance.

• The ONVO brand segment focuses on family oriented smart electric vehicles. ONVO stands for On Voyage and emphasizes creating better family life and brand experiences for family users. This segment includes models such as the ONVO L60 mid size family smart electric SUV and the ONVO L90 smart large space flagship SUV. The ONVO L90 is designed to deliver extraordinary spaciousness premium comfort all scenario intelligence and an exceptional driving and riding experience for every family member on every journey. ONVO vehicles are built upon NIOs leading technological innovations and offer assisted and intelligent driving functions across scenarios including expressways urban areas parking and battery swapping.

• The FIREFLY brand segment focuses on small smart high end electric cars. FIREFLY embodies the brands DNA of being vivid thoughtful and solid. This segment includes the FIREFLY namesake model which was launched and commenced delivery in April 2025. FIREFLY offers a vivid driving experience where users can embrace the freedom to glow. The vehicle is equipped with high performance perception hardware providing intelligent navigation assistance covering expressways and urban areas and comprehensive parking assistance for all scenarios. FIREFLY vehicles are built upon NIOs expertise in research and development design capabilities safety standards and intelligent technologies.

NIO Inc. holds a pioneering and leading position in the global smart electric vehicle market. The company differentiates itself through continuous technological breakthroughs exceptional products and services and a community for shared growth. Its competitive advantages lie in evolving products tailored to customer needs ongoing advancements in proprietary software and hardware technologies comprehensive power solutions including battery swapping and an exceptional user experience. NIO Inc. competes with both new energy vehicles and internal combustion engine vehicles across multiple market segments. Key competitive factors in the industry include brand recognition product offerings pricing technological innovation product design and performance product quality and safety service and charging solutions user experience and manufacturing capacity and efficiency.

NIO Inc. serves individual consumers who purchase its smart electric vehicles and subscribe to its associated services. The company sells its vehicles and services to customers in China Europe Southeast Asia the Middle East and other markets. NIO Inc. engages with its user community through offline platforms such as NIO Houses NIO Spaces ONVO Centers and ONVO Spaces and online platforms including its brand apps. The company fosters user engagement through user points lifestyle products brand events such as NIO Day and the NIO Users Trust initiative. Specific customer names are not disclosed in the filing.