Redwood Trust RWT-PA

Redwood Trust, Inc. is a specialty finance company focused on several distinct areas of housing credit. It operates platforms that provide liquidity to segments of the U. S. housing market not well served by government programs. The company delivers customized housing credit investments to a diverse mix of investors through its securitization platforms whole loan distribution activities and its publicly traded securities. Its aggregation origination and investment activities incorporate residential consumer and residential investor housing credit assets.

Redwood Trust, Inc. generates revenue primarily from net interest income on its investment portfolio and noninterest income from its mortgage banking activities. Net interest income consists of interest earned on investments less interest expense on borrowed funds and other liabilities. Noninterest income arises from loan origination acquisition sale securitization or transfer of loans into its investment portfolios. The company also earns fees from managing joint ventures and other loan related administrative functions.

The company operates through the following segments: Sequoia Mortgage Banking CoreVest Mortgage Banking Redwood Investments and Legacy Investments.

• Sequoia Mortgage Banking acquires residential consumer loans from third party originators for sale to whole loan buyers securitization through the SEMT program or transfer to the Redwood Investments portfolio. It also operates the Aspire brand conduit that originates expanded underwriting loans such as bank statement and debt service coverage ratio loans. The segment's main source of income is mortgage banking income which includes net interest income from its inventory of loans held for sale securities used for interest rate hedging and income from mortgage banking activities such as changes in fair value of loans acquired and subsequently sold securitized or transferred loan purchase commitments interest rate lock commitments and associated hedges. Direct operating expenses and tax expenses related to these activities are also included in this segment.

• CoreVest Mortgage Banking originates residential investor loans for securitization sale or transfer to the Redwood Investments portfolio or into joint ventures. Residential investor loans are classified as term loans with maturities ranging from three to thirty years or bridge loans with maturities ranging from twelve to thirty six months. Term loans include larger balance and smaller balance DSCR loans which are underwritten primarily on the basis of the property's debt service coverage ratio rather than the borrower's personal income. Bridge loans are first lien interest only loans; smaller balance bridge loans are referred to as Residential Transition Loans RTL and are used to acquire renovate or reposition properties prior to stabilization or exit. The segment distributes most of its loans through the CAFL program whole loan sales transfers to the Redwood Investments portfolio or sales into joint ventures. CoreVest has established joint ventures with two institutional investment managers one focused on bridge loans and another on bridge and term loans originated by CoreVest. It administers the joint ventures for ongoing fees and is entitled to earn additional performance fees upon realization of specified return hurdles. This segment's main sources of mortgage banking income are net interest income from its inventory of loans held for sale securities used for interest rate hedging and mortgage banking activities net which includes origination and other fees on loans mark to market adjustments on loans from the time they are originated or purchased to when they are sold securitized or transferred into the Redwood Investments portfolio and gains and losses from associated hedges. Fee income associated with the administration of joint ventures and other loan related administrative functions is also included. Direct operating expenses and tax expenses related to these activities are also included in this segment.

• Redwood Investments consists of retained operating investments sourced through the company's Sequoia securitizations and CoreVest term and bridge loan securitizations some of which are consolidated for GAAP purposes and other third party securities. In the second quarter of 2025 legacy unsecuritized bridge and term loan portfolios consolidated re performing loan securitization entities and other non core legacy assets were reclassified to the newly established Legacy Investments segment. This reclassification did not impact consolidated financial results but served to streamline reporting and better align Redwood's disclosure with its strategic focus. Going forward the Redwood Investments portfolio will focus on retained interests from the company's own securitizations and other investment vehicles rather than third party securities consistent with Redwood's strategic shift toward internally originated investments. This segment's main sources of income are net interest income and other income from investments changes in fair value of investments and associated hedges and realized gains and losses upon the sale of securities. Direct operating expenses and tax provisions associated with these activities are also included in this segment.

• Legacy Investments consists of assets no longer aligned with the company's core strategic objectives including legacy unsecuritized bridge and term loans residential re performing loan securities and other non core legacy assets that are in the active process of sale runoff or other disposition as part of an accelerated strategic repositioning of the business model. This segment's main sources of income are net interest income and other income from investments changes in fair value of investments and associated hedges and realized gains and losses upon the sale of assets. Direct operating expenses and tax provisions associated with these activities are also included in this segment.

Redwood Trust, Inc. occupies a unique position in the housing finance value chain by providing liquidity to segments of the U. S. housing market that are not well served by government programs. Its competitive advantages include best in class securitization platforms whole loan distribution activities and publicly traded securities that enable customized housing credit investments for a diverse investor base. The company faces competition from commercial banks other mortgage REITs Fannie Mae Freddie Mac regional and community banks broker dealers investment advisors insurance companies residential investor originators and other specialty finance companies and financial institutions. Some competitors possess greater resources or higher risk tolerances which may limit Redwood's ability to compete on certain opportunities. However Redwood's focus on technological innovation disciplined risk minded growth and its REIT structure support its ability to generate stable earnings and dividends.

Redwood Trust, Inc. serves a diverse mix of investors including institutional investors and individual investors who purchase its securitized securities and whole loan offerings. It also originates loans to residential consumers seeking home ownership and to residential investors acquiring single family rental or multifamily properties for investment purposes. The company's joint venture partners are institutional investment managers that provide capital for bridge loan strategies. Whole loan buyers represent another customer group that purchases loans directly from the company's origination platforms.