International Stem Cell ISCO

International Stem Cell Corporation is a clinical stage biotechnology company that develops therapeutic and biomedical products using its proprietary human parthenogenetic stem cell technology. The firm focuses on creating cell based treatments for conditions where functional cells or tissue are insufficient such as Parkinson s disease traumatic brain injury and stroke. Its manufacturing processes are designed to meet current Good Manufacturing Practice standards set by the U S Food and Drug Administration. The company also operates a research and development facility in San Diego California and a cGMP compliant manufacturing site in Frederick Maryland to support preclinical clinical and eventual commercial production.

Revenue is derived from two commercial businesses that sell anti aging skin care products and research cell culture products. For the fiscal years ended December 31 2025 and 2024 the company reported total revenue of nine point one million dollars each year from these sources. The anti aging business is conducted by the wholly owned subsidiary Lifeline Skin Care which offers creams serums toners and booster products through its website Amazon and select online retailers. The research product business is conducted by Lifeline Cell Technology which provides more than two hundred human cell based items including primary cells stem cells and specialized media to academic government and industrial laboratories. The therapeutic product candidate programs remain in preclinical and clinical development and do not currently generate sales.

The company operates through the following segments: anti aging skin care products research products and therapeutic product candidates.

• The anti aging skin care products segment develops manufactures and sells cosmetics that incorporate encapsulated extract from human parthenogenetic stem cells together with selected small molecule actives. The product line includes facial creams neck creams eye firming complexes toners and collagen and elastin boosters. All items are classified as cosmetics and are sold directly to consumers via the Lifeline Skin Care website major ecommerce platforms and through professional accounts such as dermatologists and plastic surgeons. The segment emphasizes scientific backing for its formulations and seeks to meet the demand of consumers looking for clinically supported anti aging solutions.

• The research products segment offers a wide catalogue of human cell based reagents media and differentiated cells for use in basic and applied research. Offerings cover skin cells cardiac cells bronchial cells mammary epithelial cells mesenchymal stem cells prostate cells renal cells corneal cells female reproductive cells skeletal muscle cells and many supplemental reagents. Each product is tested for marker expression proliferation viability morphology and freedom from pathogens. The segment also provides xeno free products that contain no animal derived proteins to support experiments requiring high purity. Sales are executed by an internal sales force by distributors in Europe and Asia and by original equipment manufacturing partners who rebrand the items for resale to end users.

• The therapeutic product candidates segment concentrates on deriving neural stem cells from human parthenogenetic stem cells for the treatment of Parkinsons disease traumatic brain injury and stroke. The lead program ISC hpNSC has completed a Phase 1 clinical trial in Parkinsons disease patients demonstrating safety and a dose dependent trend in motor symptom improvement. Preclinical studies in rodent models of traumatic brain injury have shown enhanced cognitive motor and neurological function without adverse effects. Similar work in stroke models indicates potential benefit for neurological recovery. All therapeutic candidates require additional preclinical and clinical work licensing negotiations and regulatory approval before they can be commercialized.

In the regenerative medicine sector International Stem Cell Corporation distinguishes itself through its exclusive human parthenogenetic stem cell platform which yields immune matched cells without the need to destroy embryos. Its primary competitors in the stem cell therapy field include BioTime SanBio BlueRock Therapeutics and ReNeuron. In the anti aging skin care market the company competes with established brands such as Obagi ZO Skin Health Skinceuticals SkinMedica and Murad. For research cell culture products its rivals are Lonza EMD Millipore Life Technologies StemCell Technologies Zen bio PromoCell and Specialty Media. The company's advantages stem from its proprietary hpSC technology its GMP compliant manufacturing capabilities in San Diego and Frederick and its extensive intellectual property portfolio that includes thirty six patents expiring between 2026 and 2037 and exclusive worldwide licenses to Astellas patent portfolios covering diabetes liver disease retinal disease and single blastomere technology.

The anti aging skin care business sells to individual consumers dermatologists and plastic surgeons through its branded website Amazon and select online retailers. The research product business serves academic researchers in universities government laboratories such as the National Institutes of Health and the United States Environmental Protection Agency and industrial organizations including pharmaceutical and consumer product companies engaged in drug discovery and basic biology studies. The therapeutic programs are intended for patients suffering from Parkinsons disease traumatic brain injury and stroke although no commercial sales have been recorded to date.